Stay Cool for the Summer

What You Need to Know About Heat-Related Illnesses

When the weather gets hot, it’s important to stay safe. Spending too much time in the heat can make you sick. Most heat-related illnesses happen when you’re out in hot weather for too long. Your body cools itself by sweating, but when it’s hot and humid, your body might not cool down fast enough. This can lead to serious problems like heat stroke. Here’s what you need to know to keep yourself and others safe.

What is Heat Stroke?

Heat stroke happens when your body temperature goes up to 104°F (40°C) or higher. This is a very serious condition that can cause death or permanent damage if not treated right away. If you or someone else shows signs of heat stroke, call 911 immediately.

What is Heat Exhaustion?

Heat exhaustion is a less serious heat-related illness, but it can turn into heat stroke if not treated. Heat exhaustion usually happens after being in high temperatures for several days without drinking enough fluids. Knowing the symptoms and how to prevent it is key.

Signs of Heat Exhaustion

According to the CDC, the symptoms of heat exhaustion include:

• Heavy sweating
• Pale skin
• Muscle cramps
• Tiredness or weakness
• Dizziness
• Headache
• Nausea or vomiting
• Fainting

If these symptoms get worse or last longer than one hour, you should get medical help.

Who is Most at Risk for Heat Stroke?

Some people are more likely to get heat stroke or heat exhaustion, including:

• Adults 65 years and older
• Infants and children 4 years and younger
• People with chronic health problems like heart disease or high blood pressure
• People who are overweight
• Those who work or exercise outdoors

Certain medications can also increase the risk of heat-related illness because they affect how your body cools itself. These include some medications for mental health, Parkinson’s disease, and diuretics. If you take these medications, talk to your pharmacist about the risks.

How to Prevent Heat Stroke

Here are some tips from the CDC to help you stay safe in extreme heat and avoid heat stroke:

• Keep Cool: Air conditioning is the best way to stay safe. If you don’t have air conditioning, stay in the shade or use fans to help cool down. If you’re outside, find a shady spot, especially in the middle of the day when the sun is the strongest.
• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of cool, non-alcoholic drinks, even if you’re not thirsty. If your doctor has told you to limit fluids, ask them how much you should drink in hot weather. Primary Health Care offers guidance on staying hydrated and managing your health during extreme heat.
• Think Safety: Never leave infants, children, or pets in parked cars. It can get dangerously hot very quickly. Know the signs of heat stroke and heat exhaustion, and take action if you see them.
• Be Careful When Exercising: If you’re exercising or playing sports in the heat, drink plenty of cool fluids. Try to drink enough so that your urine stays light-colored, which is a sign you’re well-hydrated.
• Wear the Right Clothes: Choose light, loose-fitting clothes that help your body stay cool. Primary Health Care can provide tips on how to dress appropriately for hot weather.
• Use Sunscreen: Sunburn can make it harder for your body to cool down. Apply sunscreen generously at least 15 minutes before going outside, and reapply as needed.

When to Seek Help

If you or someone else shows signs of heat stroke or heat exhaustion, it’s important to get help right away. For non-emergency heat-related concerns, visit any of our convenient Primary Health Care locations. We accept Medicare, Medicaid, and all major insurance plans, and offer a sliding fee scale for those who qualify. But remember, if it’s an emergency, call 911 immediately.

Stay safe this summer by knowing the signs of heat-related illnesses and how to prevent them. If you have any questions or concerns, Primary Health Care is here to help.